?一、注塑系統

1. 注塑機

zhusujiyoumingzhushechengxingjihuozhusheji。tashijiangresuxingsuliaohuoreguxingsuliaoliyongsuliaochengxingmojuzhichenggezhongxingzhuangdesuliaozhipindezhuyaochengxingshebei。fenweilishi、woshi、quandianshi。zhusujinengjiaresuliao，duirongrongsuliaoshijiagaoya，shiqishechuerchongmanmojuxingqiang。zhusujitongchangyouzhushexitong、hemoxitong、yeyachuandongxitong、dianqikongzhixitong、runhuaxitong、jiarejilengquexitong、anquanjiancexitongdengzucheng。

2. zhushexitong

zhushexitongdezuoyong：zhushexitongshizhusujizuizhuyaodezuchengbufenzhiyi，yibanyouzhusaishi、luoganshi、luoganyusuzhusaizhusheshi3zhongzhuyaoxingshi。muqianyingyongzuiguangfandeshiluoganshi。qizuoyongshi，zaizhusuliaojideyigexunhuanzhong，nengzaiguidingdeshijianneijiangyidingshuliangdesuliaojiaresuhuahou，zaiyidingdeyalihesuduxia，tongguoluoganjiangrongrongsuliaozhurumojuxingqiangzhong。zhushejieshuhou，duizhushedaomoqiangzhongderongliaobaochidingxing。

zhushexitongdezucheng：zhushexitongyousuhuazhuangzhihedonglichuandizhuangzhizucheng。

luoganshizhusujisuhuazhuangzhizhuyaoyoujialiaozhuangzhi、liaotong、luogan、guojiaozujian、shezuibufenzucheng。donglichuandizhuangzhibaokuozhusheyougang、zhushezuoyidongyougangyijiluoganqudongzhuangzhi（rongjiaomada）。

3. hemoxitong

hemoxitongdezuoyong：hemoxitongdezuoyongshibaozhengmojubihe、kaiqijidingchuzhipin。tongshi，zaimojubihehou，gonggeimojuzugoudesuomoli，yidikangrongrongsuliaojinrumoqiangchanshengdemoqiangyali，fangzhimojukaifeng，zaochengzhipindebuliangxianzhuang。

hemoxitongdezucheng：hemoxitongzhuyaoyouhemozhuangzhi、jijiao、diaomojigou、dingchujigou、qianhougudingmoban、yidongmoban、hemoyougangheanquanbaohujigouzucheng。

4. yeyaxitong

yeyachuandongxitongdezuoyongshishixianzhusujiangongyiguochengsuoyaoqiudegezhongdongzuotigongdongli，bingmanzuzhusujigebufensuoxuyali、sudu、wendudengdeyaoqiu。tazhuyaoyougezizhongyeyayuanjianheyeyafuzhuyuanjiansuozucheng，qizhongyoubenghedianjishizhusujidedonglilaiyuan。gezhongfakongzhiyouyeyaliheliuliang，congermanzuzhushechengxinggongyigexiangyaoqiu。

5. dianqikongzhi

dianqikongzhixitongyuyeyaxitonghelipeihe，keshixianzhushejidegongyiguochengyaoqiu（yali、wendu、sudu、shijian）hegezhongchengxudongzuo。zhuyaoyoudianqi、dianziyuanjian、yibiao（jianyouxiatu）、jiareqi、chuanganqidengzucheng。yibanyousizhongkongzhifangshi，shoudong、banzidong、quanzidong、diaozheng。

6. jiare/lengque

jiarexitongshiyonglaijiareliaotongjizhushepenzuide，zhusujiliaotongyibancaiyongdianrequanzuoweijiarezhuangzhi，anzhuangzailiaotongdewaibu，bingyongredianoufenduanjiance。reliangtongguotongbidaoreweiwuliaosuhuatigongreyuan；lengquexitongzhuyaoshiyonglailengqueyouwen，youwenguogaohuiyinqiduozhongguzhangchuxiansuoyiyouwenbixujiayikongzhi。lingyichuxuyaolengquedeweizhizailiaoguanxialiaokoufujin，fangzhiyuanliaozaixialiaokouronghua，daozhiyuanliaobunengzhengchangxialiao。

7. runhuaxitong

runhuaxitongshizhusujidedongmoban、diaomozhuangzhi、lianganjijiao、shetaidengchuyouxiangduiyundongdebuweitigongrunhuatiaojiandehuilu，yibianjianshaonenghaohetigaolingjianshouming，runhuakeyishidingqideshoudongrunhua，yekeyishizidongdiandongrunhua；

8. anquanjiance

zhusujideanquanzhuangzhizhuyaoshiyonglaibaohuren、jianquandezhuangzhi。zhuyaoyouanquanmen、anquandangban、yeyafa、xianweikaiguan、guangdianjianceyuanjiandengzucheng，shixiandianqi——jixie——yeyadeliansuobaohu。

jiancexitongzhuyaoduizhusujideyouwen、liaowen、xitongchaozai，yijigongyiheshebeiguzhangjinxingjiance，faxianyichangqingkuangjinxingzhishihuobaojing。

二、注塑流程

sujiandezhusuchengxinggongyiguochengzhuyaobaokuotianchong——baoya——lengque——tuomodeng4gejieduan，zhe4gejieduanzhijiejuedingzhuzhipindechengxingzhiliang，erqiezhe4gejieduanshiyigewanzhengdelianxuguocheng。

1.tianchongjieduan

tianchongshizhenggezhusuxunhuanguochengzhongdediyibu，shijiancongmojubihekaishizhususuanqi，daomojuxingqiangtianchongdaodayue95%weizhi。lilunshang，tianchongshijianyueduan，chengxingxiaolvyuegao，danshishijizhong，chengxingshijianhuozhezhususuduyaoshoudaohenduotiaojiandezhiyue。

gaosutianchong。gaosutianchongshijianqielvjiaogao，suliaoyouyujianqiebianxidezuoyongercunzaizhanduxiajiangdeqingxing，shizhengtiliudongzulijiangdi；jubudezhanzhijiareyingxiangyehuishiguhuacenghoudubianbo。yincizailiudongkongzhijieduan，tianchongxingweiwangwangqujueyudaitianchongdetijidaxiao。jizailiudongkongzhijieduan，youyugaosutianchong，rongtidejianqiebianxixiaoguowangwanghenda，erbobidelengquezuoyongbingbumingxian，yushisulvdexiaoyongzhanleshangfeng。

disutianchong。rechuandaokongzhidisutianchongshi，jianqielvjiaodi，jubuzhandujiaogao，liudongzulijiaoda。youyuresuliaobuchongsulvjiaoman，liudongjiaoweihuanman，shirechuandaoxiaoyingjiaoweimingxian，reliangxunsuweilengmobidaizou。jiashangjiaoshaoliangdezhanzhijiarexianxiang，guhuacenghoudujiaohou，youjinyibuzengjiabibujiaobochudeliudongzuli。

youyupenquanliudongdeyuanyin，zailiudongboqianmiandesuliaogaofenzilianpaixiangjihupingxingliudongboqian。yincilianggusuliaorongjiaozaijiaohuishi，jiechumiandegaofenzilianhuxiangpingxing；jiashanglianggurongjiaoxingzhigeyi（zaimoqiangzhongzhiliushijianbutong，wendu、yaliyebutong），zaochengrongjiaojiaohuiquyuzaiweiguanshangjiegouqiangdujiaocha。

zaiguangxianxiajianglingjianbaifangshidangdejiaoduyongrouyanguancha，keyifaxianyoumingxiandejiehexianchansheng，zhejiushirongjiehendexingchengjili。rongjiehenbujinyingxiangsujianwaiguan，tongshiyouyuweiguanjiegoudesongsan，yizaochengyinglijizhong，congershidegaibufendeqiangdujiangdierfashengduanlie。

yibaneryan，zaigaowenquchanshengrongjiederongjiehenqiangdujiaojia，yinweigaowenqingxingxia，gaofenzilianhuodongxingjiaojia，keyihuxiangchuantouchanrao，ciwaigaowenduquyulianggurongtidewendujiaoweijiejin，rongtiderexingzhijihuxiangtong，zengjialerongjiequyudeqiangdu；fanzhizaidiwenquyu，rongjieqiangdujiaocha。

2.baoyajieduan

baoyajieduandezuoyongshichixushijiayali，yashirongti，zengjiasuliaomidu（zengmi），yibuchangsuliaodeshousuoxingwei。zaibaoyaguochengzhong，youyumoqiangzhongyijingtianmansuliao，beiyajiaogao。zaibaoyayashiguochengzhong，zhusujiluoganjinnengmanmandixiangqianzuoweixiaoyidong，suliaodeliudongsuduyejiaoweihuanman，zheshideliudongchengzuobaoyaliudong。

youyuzaibaoyajieduan，suliaoshoumobilengqueguhuajiakuai，rongtizhanduzengjiayehenkuai，yincimojuxingqiangneidezulihenda。zaibaoyadehouqi，cailiaomiduchixuzengda，sujianyezhujianchengxing，baoyajieduanyaoyizhichixudaojiaokouguhuafengkouweizhi，cishibaoyajieduandemoqiangyalidadaozuigaozhi。

zaibaoyajieduan，youyuyalixiangdanggao，suliaochengxianbufenkeyasuotexing。zaiyalijiaogaoquyu，suliaojiaoweimishi，midujiaogao；zaiyalijiaodiquyu，suliaojiaoweishusong，midujiaodi，yincizaochengmidufenbusuiweizhijishijianfashengbianhua。baoyaguochengzhongsuliaoliusujidi，liudongbuzaiqizhudaozuoyong；yaliweiyingxiangbaoyaguochengdezhuyaoyinsu。

baoyaguochengzhongsuliaoyijingchongmanmoqiang，cishizhujianguhuaderongtizuoweichuandiyalidejiezhi。moqiangzhongdeyalijiezhusuliaochuandizhimobibiaomian，youchengkaimojudequshi，yincixuyaoshidangdesuomolijinxingsuomo。zhangmolizaizhengchangqingxingxiahuiweiweijiangmojuchengkai，duiyumojudepaiqijuyoubangzhuzuoyong；danruozhangmoliguoda，yizaochengchengxingpinmaobian、yiliao，shenzhichengkaimoju。yincizaixuanzezhusujishi，yingxuanzejuyouzugoudasuomolidezhusuji，yifangzhizhangmoxianxiangbingnengyouxiaojinxingbaoya。

3.lengquejieduan

zaizhusuchengxingmojuzhong，lengquexitongdeshejifeichangzhongyao。zheshiyinweichengxingsuliaozhipinzhiyoulengqueguhuadaoyidinggangxing，tuomohoucainengbimiansuliaozhipinyinshoudaowailierchanshengbianxing。youyulengqueshijianzhanzhenggechengxingzhouqiyue70%～80%，yincishejilianghaodelengquexitongkeyidafusuoduanchengxingshijian，tigaozhusushengchanlv，jiangdichengben。

shejibudangdelengquexitonghuishichengxingshijianlachang，zengjiachengben；lengquebujunyungenghuijinyibuzaochengsuliaozhipindeqiaoqubianxing。

genjushiyan，yourongtijinrumojudereliangdatifenliangbufensanfa，yibufenyou5%jingfushe、duiliuchuandidaodaqizhong，qiyu95%congrongtichuandaodaomoju。suliaozhipinzaimojuzhongyouyulengqueshuiguandezuoyong，reliangyoumoqiangzhongdesuliaotongguorechuandaojingmojiachuanzhilengqueshuiguan，zaitongguoreduiliubeilengqueyedaizou。shaoshuweibeilengqueshuidaizoudereliangzejixuzaimojuzhongchuandao，zhijiechuwaijiehousanyiyukongqizhong。

zhusuchengxingdechengxingzhouqiyouhemoshijian、chongtianshijian、baoyashijian、lengqueshijianjituomoshijianzucheng。qizhongyilengqueshijiansuozhanbizhongzuida，dayuewei70%～80%。yincilengqueshijianjiangzhijieyingxiangsuliaozhipinchengxingzhouqichangduanjichanliangdaxiao。tuomojieduansuliaozhipinwenduyinglengquezhidiyusuliaozhipinderebianxingwendu，yifangzhisuliaozhipinyincanyuyinglidaozhidesongchixianxianghuotuomowailisuozaochengdeqiaoqujibianxing。

yingxiangzhipinlengquesulvdeyinsuyou：

suliaozhipinshejifangmian。zhuyaoshisuliaozhipinbihou。zhipinhouduyueda，lengqueshijianyuechang。yibaneryan，lengqueshijianyueyusuliaozhipinhoududepingfangchengzhengbi，huoshiyuzuidaliudaozhijingde1.6cifangchengzhengbi。jisuliaozhipinhoudujiabei，lengqueshijianzengjia4bei。

mojucailiaojiqilengquefangshi。mojucailiao，baokuomojuxingxin、xingqiangcailiaoyijimojiacailiaoduilengquesududeyingxianghenda。mojucailiaorechuandaoxishuyuegao，danweishijianneijiangreliangcongsuliaochuandierchudexiaoguoyuejia，lengqueshijianyeyueduan。

lengqueshuiguanpeizhifangshi。lengqueshuiguanyuekaojinmoqiang，guanjingyueda，shumuyueduo，lengquexiaoguoyuejia，lengqueshijianyueduan。

lengqueyeliuliang。lengqueshuiliuliangyueda（yibanyidadaowenliuweijia），lengqueshuiyireduiliufangshidaizoureliangdexiaoguoyeyuehao。

冷卻液的性質。冷卻液的粘度及熱傳導系數也會影響到模具的熱傳導效果。
冷卻液粘度越低，熱傳導系數越高，溫度越低，冷卻效果越佳。

塑料選擇。塑料的是指塑料將熱量從熱的地方向冷的地方傳導速度的量度。
塑料熱傳導系數越高，代表熱傳導效果越佳，或是塑料比熱低，溫度容易發生變化，因此熱量容易散逸，熱傳導效果較佳，所需冷卻時間較短。

jiagongcanshusheding。liaowenyuegao，mowenyuegao，dingchuwenduyuedi，suoxulengqueshijianyuechang。

lengquexitongdeshejiguize:

所設計的冷卻通道要保證冷卻效果均勻而迅速。
設計冷卻系統的目的在于維持模具適當而有效率的冷卻。冷卻孔應使用標準尺寸，以方便加工與組裝。

shejilengquexitongshi，mojushejizhebixugenjusujiandebihouyutijijuedingxialieshejicanshu——lengquekongdeweizhiyuchicun、kongdechangdu、kongdezhonglei、kongdepeizhiyulianjieyijilengqueyedeliudongsulvyuchuanrexingzhi。

4.tuomojieduan

tuomoshiyigezhusuchengxingxunhuanzhongdezuihouyigehuanjie。suiranzhipinyijinglengguchengxing，dantuomohuanshiduizhipindezhiliangyouhenzhongyaodeyingxiang，tuomofangshibudang，kenenghuidaozhichanpinzaituomoshishoulibujun，dingchushiyinqichanpinbianxingdengquexian。tuomodefangshizhuyaoyouliangzhong：dinggantuomohetuoliaobantuomo。shejimojushiyaogenjuchanpindejiegoutedianxuanzeheshidetuomofangshi，yibaozhengchanpinzhiliang。

duiyuxuanyongdinggantuomodemoju，dinggandeshezhiyingjinliangjunyun，bingqieweizhiyingxuanzaituomozulizuidayijisujianqiangduhegangduzuidadedifang，yimiansujianbianxingsunhuai。

ertuoliaobanzeyibanyongyushenqiangbobirongqiyijibuyunxuyoutuiganhenjidetoumingzhipindetuomo，zhezhongjigoudetedianshituomolidaqiejunyun，yundongpingwen，wumingxiandeyiliuhenji。

三、注塑工藝參數

1.zhusuyali

zhusuyalishiyouzhusuxitongdeyeyaxitongtigongde。yeyagangdeyalitongguozhusujiluoganchuandidaosuliaorongtishang，suliaorongtizaiyalidetuidongxia，jingzhusujidepenzuijinrumojudeshuliudao（duiyubufenmojulaishuoyeshizhuliudao）、zhuliudao、fenliudao，bingjingjiaokoujinrumojuxingqiang，zhegeguochengjiweizhusuguocheng，huozhechengzhiweitianchongguocheng。yalidecunzaishiweilekefurongtiliudongguochengzhongdezuli，huozhefanguolaishuo，liudongguochengzhongcunzaidezulixuyaozhusujideyalilaidixiao，yibaozhengtianchongguochengshunlijinxing。

zaizhusuguochengzhong，zhusujipenzuichudeyalizuigao，yikefurongtiquanchengzhongdeliudongzuli。qihou，yaliyanzhuliudongchangduwangrongtizuiqianduanboqianchuzhubujiangdi，ruguomoqiangneibupaiqilianghao，zerongtiqianduanzuihoudeyalijiushidaqiya。

yingxiangrongtitianchongyalideyinsuhenduo，gaikuoqilaiyou3lei：

（1）cailiaoyinsu，rusuliaodeleixing、zhandudeng；

（2）jiegouxingyinsu，rujiaozhuxitongdeleixing、shumuheweizhi，mojudexingqiangxingzhuangyijizhipindehoududeng；

（3）chengxingdegongyiyaosu。

2.zhusushijian

zhelisuoshuodezhusushijianshizhisuliaorongtichongmanxingqiangsuoxuyaodeshijian，bubaokuomojukai、hedengfuzhushijian。jinguanzhusushijianhenduan，duiyuchengxingzhouqideyingxiangyehenxiao，danshizhusushijiandediaozhengduiyujiaokou、liudaohexingqiangdeyalikongzhiyouzhuhendazuoyong。helidezhusushijianyouzhuyurongtilixiangtianchong，erqieduiyutigaozhipindebiaomianzhiliangyijijianxiaochicungongchayouzhufeichangzhongyaodeyiyi。

zhusushijianyaoyuanyuandiyulengqueshijian，dayueweilengqueshijiande1/10～1/15，zhegeguilvkeyizuoweiyucesujianquanbuchengxingshijiandeyiju。zaizuomoliufenxishi，zhiyoudangrongtiwanquanshiyouluoganxuanzhuantuidongzhumanxingqiangdeqingkuangxia，fenxijieguozhongdezhusushijiancaidengyugongyitiaojianzhongshedingdezhusushijian。ruguozaixingqiangchongmanqianfashengluogandebaoyaqiehuan，neimefenxijieguojiangdayugongyitiaojiandesheding。

3.zhusuwendu

zhusuwendushiyingxiangzhusuyalidezhongyaoyinsu。zhusujiliaotongyou5～6gejiareduan，meizhongyuanliaodouyouqiheshidejiagongwendu（xiangxidejiagongwendukeyicanyuecailiaogongyingshangtigongdeshuju）。zhusuwendubixukongzhizaiyidingdefanweinei。wendutaidi，rongliaosuhuabuliang，yingxiangchengxingjiandezhiliang，zengjiagongyinandu；wendutaigao，yuanliaorongyifenjie。

zaishijidezhusuchengxingguochengzhong，zhusuwenduwangwangbiliaotongwendugao，gaochudeshuzhiyuzhususulvhecailiaodexingnengyouguan，zuigaokeda30℃。zheshiyouyurongliaotongguozhuliaokoushishoudaojianqieerchanshenghengaodereliangzaochengde。zaizuomoliufenxishikeyitongguoliangzhongfangshilaibuchangzhezhongchazhi，yizhongshishefaceliangrongliaoduikongzhusushidewendu，lingyizhongshijianmoshijiangshezuiyebaohanjinqu。

4.baoyayaliyushijian

zaizhusuguochengjiangjinjieshushi，luogantingzhixuanzhuan，zhishixiangqiantuijin，cishizhusujinrubaoyajieduan。baoyaguochengzhongzhusujidepenzuibuduanxiangxingqiangbuliao，yitianchongyouyuzhijianshousuoerkongchuderongji。ruguoxingqiangchongmanhoubujinxingbaoya，zhijiandayuehuishousuo25%zuoyou，tebieshijinchuyouyushousuoguodaerxingchengshousuohenji。baoyayaliyibanweichongtianzuidayalide85%zuoyou，dangranyaogenjushijiqingkuanglaiqueding。

5.beiya

beiyashizhiluoganfanzhuanhoutuichuliaoshisuoxuyaokefudeyali。caiyonggaobeiyayouliyuseliaodefensanhesuliaoderonghua，danquetongshiyanchangleluoganhuisuoshijian，jiangdilesuliaoxianweidechangdu，zengjialezhusujideyali，yincibeiyayinggaidiyixie，yibanbuchaoguozhusuyalide20%。

zhusupaomosuliaoshi，beiyayinggaibiqitixingchengdeyaligao，fouzeluoganhuibeituichuliaotong。youxiezhusujikeyijiangbeiyabiancheng，yibuchangronghuaqijianluoganchangdudesuojian，zheyanghuijiangdishurureliang，lingwenduxiajiang。buguoyouyuzhezhongbianhuadejieguonanyiguji，gubuyiduijiqizuochuxiangyingdediaozheng。